The Ministry of Science and Technology issued the "13th Five Year Plan" Special Plan for Scientific and Technological Innovation in Materials

The 13th Five Year Plan period is a decisive stage for China to build a moderately prosperous society in an all-round way and step into the ranks of innovative countries. This Plan is formulated to implement the Outline of the National Medium and Long term Science and Technology Development Plan (2006-2020), the Outline of the National Innovation driven Development Strategy, the 13th Five Year National Science and Technology Innovation Plan and Made in China 2025, and accelerate the scientific and technological innovation and industrialization development in the material field.  
1、 Situation and demand
Materials serve the national economy, social development, national defense construction and various fields of people's life, become the material foundation and precursor of economic construction, social progress and national security, and support the entire social economy and national defense construction. Therefore, new material technology is a strategic emerging industry that all countries in the world are competing for, and it has become one of the most important and fastest growing science and technology fields. The transformation from "a generation of equipment, a generation of materials" to "a generation of materials, a generation of equipment" highlights the strategic role of materials. The development of material technology can not only promote the formation and development of China's strategic emerging industries, but also promote the technology upgrading and product upgrading of traditional industries and pillar industries.  
（1） Development Situation of International Materials Science and Technology
In recent years, a new round of global industrial transformation has provided an important window of opportunity for the structural adjustment of the material industry. The R&D in the field of material technology is facing new breakthroughs. New materials and new material structures are emerging constantly. The global new material technology and industry are developing rapidly. New material technology has become one of the hot spots in the competition among countries.  
At present, the leading country in the field of materials in the world is still the United States. Japan has obvious advantages in nanomaterials and electronic information materials, South Korea in display materials and storage materials, Europe in structural materials, optical and photoelectric materials, nanomaterials, and Russia in high-temperature materials, aerospace materials. China's research level and achievements in nano materials, nonlinear laser crystals, third-generation semiconductors, semiconductor lighting, rare earth materials, etc. are at the same development stage as the international advanced level, and some of them are at the leading level. In terms of carbon fiber and its composites, superalloys, high-density information storage materials, display technology and other aspects, there is still a big gap with foreign advanced level.  
Nowadays, the overall development trend of material technology is: the development of material preparation and application towards low dimension, micro nano and artificial structure; the integration of material structure functions, the intellectualization of functional materials, the integration of materials and devices, and the greening of preparation and application process have become an important direction of material research and development; The research and development cycle of materials is shortened, and the varieties of applicable materials are growing rapidly; The interdisciplinary integration of materials and physics, chemistry, information, biology and other disciplines is intensifying, and the interdisciplinary integration plays an increasingly important role in material innovation; Material R&D will benefit people's livelihood and play an increasingly important role in the sustainable development of resources and energy.  
（2） Development Situation of Materials Science and Technology in China
In recent years, science and technology in the field of materials have developed rapidly. In 2005, the number of scientific and technological papers in the field of materials in China (excluding Taiwan and Hong Kong) reached the first in the world. From 2011 to 2015, there were 114734 SCI papers in the field of materials in China, 2.17 times as many as 52865 in the United States, 5.18 times as many as 22148 in Japan, and 1517 highly cited papers in China, 1.22 times as many as 1246 in the United States, and 6.83 times as many as 222 in Japan; In 2008, the number of patent applications for invention in the field of materials in China reached the first in the world. From 2011 to 2015, there were only 750000 authorized patents in the steel, nonferrous metals, petrochemical, light industry, textile and building materials industries in China, including 230000 invention patents; The number of professional and skilled personnel in the field of materials in China has grown steadily, with 210 academicians of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Chinese Academy of Engineering, 1.15 million research and development personnel, and more than 40000 undergraduate graduates and 10000 master's and doctoral graduates of materials universities each year; A relatively complete R&D and industrialization system has been initially formed in the field of materials, with nearly 400 national key laboratories, national engineering (technology) research centers and industrialization bases.  
At present, the development layout of China's material field is reasonable and has achieved fruitful results. China's output of more than 100 kinds of materials, including steel, nonferrous metals, rare earth metals, cement, glass and chemical fibers, has reached the first in the world. The steady improvement of China's material science and technology level and the continuous enhancement of its innovation ability have effectively promoted the engineering and industrialization of semiconductor lighting, new displays, high-performance fibers and composites, polysilicon and other achievements, and fostered and developed a number of emerging industries and new economic growth points; It has broken through the key technologies such as super steel (fine grain steel), electrolytic aluminum, low environmental load cement, perfluorinated ion membrane, polyolefin catalyst, and has made important contributions to the optimization and promotion of traditional industries such as steel, nonferrous metals, building materials, and petrochemical industry; We have made significant progress in the fields of nano materials and devices, artificial crystals and all solid state lasers, optical fibers, superconducting materials and other technologies, and have a place in the forefront of science and technology in the world; It has developed biomedical materials, rapid diagnosis technology for hepatitis and AIDS, seawater and brackish water desalination technology, etc., providing a large number of new materials and technologies for scientific and technological progress to benefit people's livelihood.  
（3） Demand for the development of material science and technology in China
The material industry is the foundation of the national economy and has a pivotal position. With the improvement of China's national strength and status, the establishment of the air defense identification zone in the East China Sea, the exploitation of oil in the South China Sea, and the construction of large-scale projects such as national defense and security, marine development, aerospace, advanced rail transit, nuclear power and peaceful utilization are in urgent need of high-temperature alloys, high-performance carbon fiber and other key materials.  
In the past 20 years, focusing on the national development strategic objectives, closely combining with the major needs of economic and social development, the material field has made a series of significant achievements in key technology breakthroughs, major product and technology system development, major application and demonstration projects through unremitting efforts. In terms of semiconductor lighting engineering, new flat panel display technology, all solid state lasers and their applications, chemical reaction process enhancement, and application technology development of superior resource materials, the engineering technology development of new material applications has been strengthened, which has significantly improved the international competitiveness of China's new material industry and laid a good foundation for accelerating the development and cultivation of strategic emerging industries; In the fields of intelligent material design and material preparation technology, photoelectric information and functional materials, high-temperature superconducting materials and devices, efficient energy materials, nano materials and devices, high-performance structural materials, etc., we have made breakthroughs in the preparation technology of a number of key materials, obtained a number of core technology achievements with independent intellectual property rights, and enhanced the ability of continuous innovation in the material field; The high performance and serialization of traditional materials, as well as significant progress in saving resources, reducing energy consumption and protecting the environment, have promoted the upgrading of traditional industries; The military supporting materials and engineering application technology, and the high-performance and application of domestic polyacrylonitrile carbon fiber provide necessary material technology support for the construction of national defense and military industry.  
However, the material industry also faces many problems at present, mainly as follows: the overall technical level of basic raw materials is not high, the material consumption and energy consumption emissions are high, the environmental pollution is serious (the energy consumption of the material industry accounts for 60% and 44% of the total industrial energy consumption and the total national energy consumption respectively), the industrial competitiveness is not strong, the profit margin is low, some industries have serious overcapacity, and core technologies, processes and equipment are still partially dependent on imports. The R&D of new materials industry has followed more foreign countries, with less original innovation. There is a strong demand for new materials for major national projects and national defense construction, but the supporting and engineering capabilities of new materials are weak, and the industrialization of high-end products is low; The emerging material industry has a huge market, strong demand and fierce international competition. The competitiveness and market share of China's high-end material manufacturing industry need to be improved urgently. The basic research team in the talent team is unstable, the mobility of engineering application technology team is not enough, and the mobility of talents in emerging industries is too large.  
2、 Guiding ideology and basic principles
（1） Guiding ideology
Comprehensively implement the spirit of the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China and the third, fourth, fifth and sixth plenary sessions of the 18th Central Committee, deepen the implementation of the Outline of the National Medium and Long term Science and Technology Development Plan (2006-2020), the Outline of the National Innovation Driven Development Strategy, the 13th Five Year National Science and Technology Innovation Plan and the Made in China 2025 decision deployment, adhere to the concept of innovation, coordination, green, open and shared development, and adhere to independent innovation The guideline of focusing on leapfrogging, supporting development and leading the future, adhering to the principle that innovation is the first power to lead development, grasping the new trend of material science and technology innovation and development, deeply implementing the innovation driven development strategy, focusing on enhancing the original innovation ability in the material field, taking the greening of traditional materials and improving quality and efficiency to promote industrial upgrading as the main line, and meeting the urgent needs for materials in major national strategies and national defense construction as the goal, Strengthen the basic innovation ability of materials, improve the level of connectivity, integration and application of the whole chain, improve the multi-level and multi type talent training system, expand science and technology openness and cooperation, vigorously promote mass entrepreneurship and innovation in the materials field, stimulate creativity, enhance new momentum of development, and build a new industrial system and development mechanism. Realize the historic leap of materials from big to strong, and support the supply side structural reform and sustainable and healthy economic and social development.  
（2） Basic principles
In accordance with the deployment of the 13th Five Year National Science and Technology Innovation Plan, we adhere to the strategic task of meeting major national needs in the material field, the focus of material technology development is to accelerate catching up and leading, the fundamental purpose is to promote the progress of material science and technology to benefit people's livelihood, the deepening of reform is a strong driving force for the development of the material field, and the essential requirement for the growth of the material industry is to drive talents, Adhere to the global perspective as an important guide for the development of materials science and technology.  
Insist on innovation driven and deepening reform. Insist on putting innovation at the core of the overall development of the material industry, give full play to the role of enterprise innovation entities, alliances, and various new R&D organizations and industrial innovation centers in coordination, openness and innovation, and promote the integration and innovation of cross fields and industries; We will unswervingly deepen reform and improve the policy environment conducive to innovation and development.  
Adhere to green development and quality first. Improve the efficiency of resource utilization, promote the renewable cycle of materials, change the development mode of traditional materials industry with high energy consumption, high emissions and difficult recycling, and build a green industrial system; Cultivate a number of industrial clusters and enterprise groups with core competitiveness, strengthen the main responsibility and awareness of enterprise quality, and strengthen the cultivation of independent brands. We will build a system of laws, regulations and standards, and a quality supervision system, and take the path of improving quality and efficiency and ecological civilization.  
Adhere to the combination of market leadership and government guidance. Comprehensively deepen the reform, give full play to the decisive role of the market in resource allocation, rationally divide the work among the state, local governments and enterprises, and gain advantages from each other, strengthen the dominant position of enterprises, and stimulate the vitality and creativity of enterprises; The government made efforts to strengthen strategic research and planning guidance, improve relevant support policies, and create a good development environment.  
Adhere to the combination of problem orientation and advanced layout. In view of the bottlenecks and weak links that restrict the development of materials, accelerate transformation and upgrading, improve quality and efficiency, and effectively improve the core competitiveness and sustainable development capacity of the industry. Accurately grasp the trend of a new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial change, strengthen strategic planning and forward-looking deployment, lay a solid foundation, occupy the commanding heights in future competition, and optimize the industrial pattern.  
Adhere to the combination of overall promotion and key breakthroughs. Adhere to overall planning, reasonable layout, clear the direction of innovative development, and accelerate the promotion of the overall level of the material industry. Focusing on the major needs of economic and social development and national security, we should concentrate our efforts, highlight the key points, integrate all kinds of resources, implement a number of key special projects and major national projects, and achieve the first breakthrough.  
Adhere to the combination of independent development and open cooperation. In the fundamental, strategic and overall fields that are related to the national economy and the people's livelihood and industrial security, we should focus on mastering key core technologies, improving the industrial chain, forming independent development capabilities and new comparative advantages, making full use of global resources and markets, and carrying out in-depth global industrial layout and international exchanges and cooperation.  
3、 Development goals
（1） Overall objectives
Implement the Outline of the National Medium and Long term Science and Technology Development Plan (2006-2020), the 13th Five Year National Science and Technology Innovation Plan and Made in China 2025, deploy an innovation chain around the industrial chain, implement major materials science and technology projects, focus on ensuring the supply side structural reform of key basic industries, meet the major demand for materials for economic and social development and national defense construction, and improve China's innovation capacity in the materials field, Lead and support the development of strategic emerging industries.  
Through the forward-looking deployment strategy, scientifically grasp the original point of new technology, aim at major, core and key technical problems in various major fields of national economy and social development, implement major projects and key projects in the field of materials, conduct full chain design from basic frontier, major common key technologies to application demonstration, and organize and implement the implementation in an integrated way, so that the basic frontier research and development activities of materials have a clearer demand orientation and industrialization direction; Implement the guiding strategy of technological innovation and focus on cultivating the growth points of strategic emerging industries; We will effectively strengthen China's independent innovation capability in the field of materials and high technology, effectively enhance the core competitiveness of the industry, and provide strong material support for China's economic and social development and national defense security.  
We will strengthen the construction of China's material system, vigorously develop high-performance carbon fibers and composites, superalloys, new military materials, the third generation semiconductor materials, new display technologies, special alloys, and new rare earth materials to meet the material needs of China's major projects and national defense construction.  
Focus on the development of advanced structural material technologies such as marine engineering materials, high-quality special steel, advanced light alloys, special engineering plastics, special glass and ceramics; High performance membrane materials, intelligent/bionic/super materials, high temperature superconducting materials, new biomedical materials, ecological environmental materials and other special functions and intelligent material technologies; Strategic advanced electronic material technologies such as new microelectronic/optoelectronic/magnetoelectronic materials, printed electronic materials, functional crystals and laser technology; Material genome technology characterized by high-throughput design/preparation/characterization; Nanomaterial technology such as graphene. Drive the formation of strategic emerging industry growth points, and effectively promote the development of materials industry with broad market prospects, low resource consumption, large driving coefficient, many employment opportunities and good comprehensive benefits.  
We will vigorously promote the technological upgrading of basic raw materials, such as steel, nonferrous metals, petrochemical, light industry, textiles, and building materials, to achieve key breakthroughs in key common technologies of key basic materials, improve the overall competitiveness of the industry, achieve cooperation in advantageous production capacity, implement energy conservation and emission reduction, and realize the material industry in China from a large scale to a strong one.  
Strengthen the construction of talent team in the material field, form a material talent system and its evaluation mechanism composed of core leading talents, research and development talents, engineering and technical talents and skilled talents in the material field, and improve the overall quality and level of innovation and entrepreneurship talent team; Focus on improving the level and proportion of enterprises' technological innovation and entrepreneurship talents to meet the development needs of the material field.  
（2） Objective and index system
Focusing on the general goal of the development of the materials field in the "13th Five Year Plan", in terms of basic materials technology upgrading and industrial upgrading, we will strive to solve the major common problems faced by key basic materials industries, such as product homogeneity, low value, heavy environmental load, low energy efficiency, resource bottleneck constraints, and promote the structural adjustment and industrial upgrading of key basic raw materials industries, such as steel, nonferrous metals, petrochemical, light industry, textile, building materials, etc, Through the key breakthroughs in key technologies such as design and development of basic materials, manufacturing process and process optimization, as well as localized equipment, we will achieve high performance, high added value, green, efficient and low-carbon production of key basic materials. Establish a complete system of intellectual property rights and standards, and improve the industrial chain of basic materials. Improve the overall competitiveness of China's basic materials industry to meet the requirements of "Made in China 2025", "the Belt and Road"

source：http://www.csra.org.cn/index.php?c=article&id=1188